A mature group with increasingly independent members who are fully committed to certain objective is refers as team. All groups do not become teams but all teams begin as groups. Following are the components that differentiate teams from groups.
- Interdependent
- Completely commitment by members to a certain mission or goal
- Mutual accountability
- Trust & collaborative culture
- Shared leadership
- Achievement of synergy
Different Types of Teams in the Workplace
Five different types of teams in the workplace are used by the organizations, which differ according to their fluidity of their membership and complexity of their task.
- Self-Managed Teams
- Cross Departmental Team
- Quality Circles
- Virtual Teams
- Process Teams
Now let’s check them below the detail of these types.
Managed Work/Self-Directed Teams
A formal group of employees who function without a manager and are responsible for a full segment of work process that provides a service or product to an internal or external customer is known as managed work team.
This type of team has control over determination of work assignments and its work pace etc. Completely self-managed work teams even choose their own members and measure performance. Supervisory positions take on reduced and may even be eliminated, as a consequence.
Cross Departmental Team
Cross departmental teams work on easy activities and their membership fluidity in enhanced which reflect that members go and come over time. Process teams which have enhanced fluid membership and which address complex activities.
Problem Solving Team / Quality Circles
Quality circles or problem solving which are simple work teams comprised of eight to ten volunteers from particular positions of organization who encounter to figure out solutions to certain issues about the products, services or quality of work processes.
Within single work unit, quality circles have a clear and particular concentration on quality improvements. They have limited power to apply their ideas and they regularly meet.
Without making main organizational changes, organization can build quality circles because they work in parallel to the rest of the structure.
Virtual Teams
The extension of the electronic meetings is known as the virtual team. Virtual team permits groups to encounter without concern for time or space and make the organizations capable to connect workers together that couldn’t have been done in the past.
Problems are solved by using technology advances by team members even though they are dozen time zones away or they may be geographically dispersed.
Process Teams
Recently, team-based organizations trust primarily on process teams which operate independently and do not have departmental affiliation and undertake wider organizational-level process improvements.
Traditional departments are partially or totally disbanded by the process teams which are implemented by the organizations in many cases. Process teams of employees who have complete managerial control over their own tasks are refers as self-managed teams (SMTs).
They operate without outside supervision, they have the power to implement their own decisions and to manage their own tasks.
Internal facilitation is provided to get required resources and to remove work obstacles by the team leader within SMT. As a team, members cooperate and coordinate with other individuals & teams who are influenced by their activities and decisions.
Complete change in organizational structure is needed when using SMTs and common reason for failure is the lack of commitment.
Making Teams Effective Through Team Building
Team building includes tasks purposed at enhancing the relationship processes of teams & internal work and needs attention to both interpersonal & task relationships.
Principles of group dynamics are applied by the organizations to choose complementary members, manage stages of group development, support more cohesion and develop constructive norms that foster enhanced performance.
Expertise in areas that are essential for task accomplishment provide basis for membership in teams.
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